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2024-09-12 20:57

旱地永久冻土层的未冻结层是意想不到的甲烷来源

永久冻土是地球上最寒冷地区的永久冻土。尽管它从数千年前死亡和冻结的动植物遗骸中捕获了有机碳,但不断上升的温度正在融化土壤,将这些碳释放给微生物将其转化为甲烷,一种强有力的温室气体。

Healy (HEAL) is a terrestrial NEON field site located in central Alaska, 120 km (75 mi.) southwest of F<a href=airbanks and at the northern border of Denali National Park. The 45.6 km2 (11,300 acre) site is managed by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources. It sits at an average of 678 m (2224 ft.) in elevation and is situated in a high-elevation, glaciated valley where the dominant vegetation consists of dwarf shrubs and sedge meadows. This valley experiences widespread permafrost thawing, making it a valuable resource to understand how other permafrost systems in Alaska may experience and react to thawing in the future. The site is open to the public for recreation including hunting, berry picking, snowmobiling, and dog sledding. HEAL is one of the four sites (three terrestrial and one aquatic) located in the NEON Taiga Domain (D19), which comprises Alaska’s interior and the Alaska Peninsula. ">

一项由美国国家科学基金会支持的新研究表明,旱地永久冻土的未冻结层(称为talks)产生了意想不到的大量甲烷,这引起了人们对其可能加剧脆弱的北极环境中气候变化的担忧。

阿拉斯加费尔班克斯大学的凯蒂·沃尔特·安东尼和她的团队调查了yedoma高地的甲烷排放。Yedoma是一个冰河时代的永久冻土,以冰冻的猛犸象遗骸而闻名;从西伯利亚东北部到阿拉斯加和加拿大都很丰富。安东尼发现,干旱高地的甲烷排放量出乎意料地大,几乎是北部湿地排放量的三倍。

与传统的永久冻土研究不同,研究人员发现,与夏季的排放水平相比,高地的冻土在冬季排放的甲烷量更高。由于北极气温的上升速度几乎是全球平均水平的四倍,这种甲烷释放是一个令人担忧的因素,它可能会随着该地区温度的升高和永久冻土融化的增加而形成一个正反馈循环。

来源:美国国家科学基金会

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